Challenges of health care system in nigeria pdf

Health care in nigeria is trying to control malnutrition in the country. A general overview typically, the response to disease outbreak in nigeria has been the combined effort of the nigerian government and international donor agencies. The chapter provides a context in which to view the findings of the egypt service. The paper utilised primary data by interacting with randomly selected medical doctors, pharmacists, image scientists and nurses to elicit facts and information on issues, challenges and problems they experience in their hospitals. The nigerian healthcare system is organised into primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare levels. There are three health care delivery systems in nigeria primary, secondary and tertiary. Public health in nigeria is run by three tiers of the government. Austerity and the challenges of health for all in nigeria. The absence of a common hrh and data collection system leads to a lack of coordination in collecting hrh information, which means various stakeholders get fragmented. Challenges of healthcare financing in nigeria punch.

In some countries, the healthcare delivery organization is a part of the national identity. This country has always needed better solutions and services in the area of medicine. These challenges are further compounded by the fact that the federal government accepts and regulates 3 systems of health care delivery. Despite the huge sum of money budgeted or dispensed for health care system in nigeria, the reality remains that these funds do not get to be used to the purpose for which it was committed and as such the pending challenges within the health care system persist. Unfortunately, in nigeria today, the provision of health care facilities seems to be at. The nigerian health system is characterized by inadequate and poorly maintained health facilities, particularly at the phc level. The primary health care on which the nigerian health care system is based has not helped in effectively solving the numerous health problems in nigeria.

Section 2 chronicled challenges of the health sector in nigeria. Only at the beginning of the 2000s, nigeria managed to develop basic healthcare needs and management. What are the problems facing healthcare management in nigeria. The paper utilised primary data by interacting with randomly selected medical doctors, pharmacists, image scientists and nurses to elicit facts and information on issues, challenges and. Jun, 2015 health financing health care in nigeria is financed by a combination of. Health care system in nigeria nigeria as a nation operates a pluralistic health care delivery system orthodox and traditional health care delivery systems. The nigerian health system has been evolving over the years through health care reforms aiming to address the public health challenges confronting it. Expenditure on outpatient care, transport to health facilities and cost of medication contributes a significant share of household expenditures in nigeria. Austerity and the challenges of health for all in nigeria international. Very few studies have explored hsg in low and middleincome countries, including nigeria.

The major public health challenges nigeria faces are infectious diseases, sewage disposal, health insurance, water supply, air pollution, noise pollution, environmental radiation, housing, solid waste disposal, disaster management, control of vector some diseases, doctorpopulation ratio, populationbed ratio, population per health facility, payment system methods, utilization of care, access. Some of the drawbacks to this healthcare system will be highlighted here below. Health care problems have become very obvious in nigeria. This chapter provides a brief overview of the health system in egypt as it relates to health facilities and outpatient services. The national healthcare system in nigeria is based on the threetier system of primary, secondary and tertiary care. Addressing the public health challenges nigeria faces. Femi akinwumi, of the university college hospital, ibadan, looks at the intimidating challenges facing the health care sector in nigeria and offers solutions. The federal government is responsible for coordinating affairs in federal medical centers and university teaching hospitals. Trends and challenges of public health care financing. Among the global challenges that will impact healthcare in the near. Healthcare challenges and trends the patient at the heart of care quality healthcare is one of the most important factors in how individuals perceive their quality of life.

The federal ministry of health fmh has the responsibility to develop policies, strategies, guidelines, plans and programmes that provide the overall direction for the national health care delivery system. The united nations have seventeen sustainable development goals, of which number three is ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all age. National health insurance scheme nhis, national immunisation coverage scheme nics, midwives service scheme mss nigerian pay for performance scheme p4p. Jun 26, 2016 1 comment on health care policies in nigeria since independence. May 12, 2017 in nigeria, several challenges have been reported within the health sector, especially in training, funding, employment, and deployment of the health workforce. Department of social work, university of nigeria, nsukka. Its imperative that nigeria uses the same spirit and approach for combating fake drugs in dealing with the health care system if the country intends to meet the millennium development goals mdgs. Doc health care problems in nigeria by ayoka abdulkareem. Instituted in 2011 to address intractable stewardship and governance problems facing nigeria s health care delivery system, the policies were designed to facilitate better management of resources by health care managers, increase patient confidence in and utilization of services, increase efficiency and coordination of health services, and. Full text identifying key challenges facing healthcare systems in. A component of this approach focuses on health system governance hsg, which can make or mar the successful implementation of health care interventions.

The decision of the minister of health to improve the primary health care system by increasing funding is certainly the way to go. Its objective was to provide the population with access to primary health care phc as well as to secondary and tertiary care through a functional referral system. It also attempted to identify the effect of the issues and challenges on the nigerian citizens health condition. Challenges facing nigerias healthcare system essay 67 words.

Health facilities health centers, personnel, and medical equipments are inadequate in this country, especially in rural areas. This may be as a result of poor health facilities, lack of access to quality health care, malnutrition due to poverty, herderfarmer conflicts, female genital mutilations, abortions, and displacements due to boko haram terrorism in the north east of nigeria. Strengthen primary health care in nigerias federal context, with special reference to ondo state. Apr 11, 2018 in nigeria, like other countries of the world, health insurance is the fastest way to achieve universal health coverage. Challenges facing nigerias healthcare system essay 67. Unarguably, problems in the health care system of any country abound to a. Problems of nigeria health sector and possible solutions.

Despite the challenges of doing business, nigeria remains. Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa. The health workforce is concentrated in urban tertiary health care services delivery in the southern part. Pdf building a solid health care system in nigeria. Maternal mortality and maternal health care in nigeria. Jul 03, 2011 the federal government of nigeria has established the nigeria natural medicine development agency nnmda to study, collate, document, develop, preserve and promote nigerian traditional medicine products and practices and to also fasttrack the integration of the tm into the mainstream of modern health care system in line with happenings in. This initiative will also help address the various challenges in the health sector and also ensure the attainment of the goal of. In the history of healthcare management in nigeria you can find a great deal of challenges.

Despite problems, system has made progress in treatment of hiv and tb and seen 10million visitors a year, writes eddie rakabe. The primary health care has its sublevel at the village, district, and lga. It is therefore imperative that the healthcare delivery system needs a. Health systems in africa world health organization. In the case of nigeria, the financing of the health care delivery system is majorly through tax revenue, outofpocket payment or user fees, donor funding and social health insurance. One of the basic functions of government is to provide quality and effective health care services to its citizens as it is only when the people are healthy that any reasonable development can take place. In 1992, phc implementation started with the commencement of. Nigeria is currently working towards achieving the millennium development goals. To reach the targets for the reduction of child mortality, which form mdg 4, nigeria should reduce underfive deaths per 1,000 live births to 71, and increase measles immunisation to 100 per cent by 2015. There are innumerable problems within primary health care delivery system which affect the whole population. Primary health care in nigeria has always been an issue. May 03, 2012 the primary health care on which the nigerian health care system is based has not helped in effectively solving the numerous health problems in nigeria.

Cdc partners in nigeria with government and parastatal agencies, private institutions, universities and nongovernmental organizations to improve the countrys public health foundation, to prevent transmission of hiv, to provide care and treatment for those who are already infected with hiv, and to strengthen laboratory capacity. Health and healthcare system, infrastructure decay, brain drain, health budget and medical tourism. But beyond these, there is a need for the government to protect against these threats by installing strong public health infrastructures and healthcare. Other healthcare system problems prevalent in africa include. This paper examined the contemporary issues and challenges of the nigerian health sector. Nigeria s health care delivery system consists of a network of primary, secondary, and tertiary facilities. However, due to the unstable political situation in some of the states, there are problems when it comes to controlling nutrition.

Challenges of implementing sustainable health care. Nigeria and the challenges of universal health coverage. Strengthen primary health care in nigeria s federal context, with special reference to ondo state. The structure of the healthcare system is poorly developed. The national health policy therefore, describes the goals, structure, strategies and policy direction of the health care delivery system in nigeria. Unfortunately, the national health insurance scheme established in 2005 has. Americans with good health insurance have access to an array of advanced technology procedures at worldclass health facilities, but clinical studies suggest that not all of this care is. Austerity and the consequences for the attainment of health for all a national health policy targeted at achieving health for all nigerians was promulgated in 1988.

Nigeria has one of the most complicated healthcare systems in the continent. Nutrition is the second pillar of the healthcare system. Nigeria is faced with fundamental health care related challenges coupled with recent security issues. Trends and challenges of public health care financing system. Need for integrating adequate medical intelligence and surveillance systems article pdf available october 2011 with 22,537 reads how we measure reads. Uncertainty prevails as health system dynamics unfolds. Strengths and challenges of integrating pec into phc in nigeria. To explore the relationship between environmental uncertainty and health care delivery system in nigeria. Health care challenges for the 21st century between 1992 and 2002, overall health care spending rose from.

The healthcare system in nigeria is still facing quite a number of challenges that are dragging it behind. Challenges and prospects eme okechukwu innocent department of public administration and local gover nment studies, university of nigeria, nsukka. Contemporary issues and challenges of health sector in nigeria. Primary health care continues to be the priority for health development in nigeria. The most recent act relating to mental health in nigeria is the lunacy act 1958. Section 5 appraises the health care financing mechanism in nigeria. In most countries, alongside the economy, it is the major political issue. Some of the major challenges of sustaining nigeria healthcare system are. Trends and challenges of public health care financing system in nigeria.

In 20, maternal mortality in nigeria is 560 deaths per 100,000 live births. Sustainable, health system, vision, strategies, challenges, nigeria. Uzochukwu bsc, ughasoro md, etiaba e, okwuosa c, envuladu e, onwujekwe oe. Health financing health care in nigeria is financed by a combination of. Nigerias health sector is a part of its economy, which require critical discourse, especially concerning issues surrounding infrastructure, government funding, health workers motivation and satisfaction, among others. An assessment of these problems and needs is important to assure easy accessibility to health care services by rural people.

To effectively integrate pec into phc, a functional phc system is crucial, as pec can only be as strong as the primary health structure into which it is integrated. In 1992, phc implementation started with the commencement of phc programmes in the local government areas lgas. Once the envy of the southern african region, zimbabwes public hospitals are now often little more than stripped shells. Studies focusing on mental health system governance, are even more of a rarity. For years, zimbabwes community health workers were at the forefront in educating local people about malaria, tuberculosis, and aids as well as caring for aids patients. The maternal health care system in nigeria is one which is characterized by traditional, faithbased and orthodox health providers. Dec 30, 2017 in 2017, nigerias minister for health, prof. Isaac adewole, unveiled the buhari administrations plan to revitalize the countrys primary health care system. The cost of health care and perceived low quality of care by the public have been argued to be the reason for the poor utilisation of maternal and child health services in nigeria. The national council on health also came out with a report to support the argument that healthy nigerians will help the economy thrive. By the year 2020 it is estimated that the population of egypt will have grown to about 92 million people. There is a local pharmaceutical manufacturing industry meeting up to 30 per cent of local demand. Cost effective interventions for priority public health issues such as noncommunicable diseases, injuries, maternal and child health etcetera are hardly being used.

Challenges facing nigerian health system 6 may 2010 pic lagos dr. Considering the strategic role that health workers play within this sector. The provision of health care in nigeria remains the functions of the three tiers of government. As of 1992, primary care was largely provided through approximately 4,000 health clinics and dispensaries scattered throughout the country. Full text identifying key challenges facing healthcare. Section 3 looks into health sector reform process in nigeria.

International health t he much publicised cholera epidemic that has killed nearly 4000 people and infected 88 000 since august has highlighted the dire state of zimbabwes health system. This paper outlines challenges with which we see our clients struggling, and some of the trends we think will impact healthcare for the better. In nigeria, several challenges have been reported within the health sector, especially in training, funding, employment, and deployment of the health workforce. Tax revenue from the sale of oil and gas out of pocket payments donor funding health insurance private, public, social and community. Essay about challenges facing nigerias healthcare system cram. This price tag results, in part, from advances in expensive medical technology, including new drug. However, the funding of health care system varies across different countries. Section 4 examines to what extent, the health sector reform in nigeria has helped in addressing the health sector challenges achievements and gaps.